575, 589, and 590), dedicated to King Frederick William (1688–1740) of Prussia, a noted cellist.
In 1789 he wrote the last three Quartets (K. In the field of the string quarter Mozart produced two important groups of works that completely overshadowed any he had written before 1780: in 1785 he published the six Quartets (K. He finished these three works within six weeks during the summer of 1788, a remarkable feat even for him. 41 in C Major (the Jupiter -a title unknown to Mozart). The major instrumental works of this period bring together all the fields of Mozart's earlier activity and some new ones: six symphonies, including the famous last three: no. In these ten years Mozart's music grew rapidly beyond the realm of many of his contemporaries it exhibited both ideas and methods of elaboration that few could follow, and to many the late Mozart seemed a difficult composer. Mozart's years in Vienna, from age twenty-five to his death at thirty-five, cover one of the greatest developments in a short span in the history of music. Unable to get hired for an opera, he wrote music to order in Paris, again mainly for wind instruments: the Sinfonia Concertante for four solo wind instruments and orchestra, the Concerto for flute and harp, other chamber music, and the ballet music Les Petits riens. In addition, he began giving lessons to make money. But after nine difficult months in Paris, from March 1778 to January 1779, Mozart returned once more to Salzburg, having been unable to secure a foothold and depressed by the entire experience, which had included the death of his mother in the midst of his stay in Paris. His father urged him to go there, for "from Paris the fame of a man of great talent echoes through the whole world," he wrote his son. Paris was a vastly larger theater for Mozart's talents. At Salzburg in late 1771 he renewed his writing of Symphonies (Nos. During these years of travel in Italy and returns to Salzburg between journeys, he produced his first large-scale settings of opera seria (that is, court opera on serious subjects): Mitridate (1770), Ascanio in Alba (1771), and Lucio Silla (1772), as well as his first string quartets. In Italy, Mozart was well received: in Milan, Italy, he obtained a commission for an opera in Rome he was made a member of an honorary knightly order by the Pope and at Bologna, Italy, the Accademia Filarmonica awarded him membership despite a rule normally requiring candidates to be twenty years old. He spent the years from 1766 to 1769 at Salzburg writing instrumental works and music for school dramas in German and Latin, and in 1768 he produced his first real operas: the German Singspiel (that is, with spoken dialogue) Bastien und Bastienne. Despite his growing reputation, Mozart found no suitable post open to him and his father once more escorted Mozart, at age fourteen (1769), and set off for Italy to try to make his way as an opera composer. In London he won the admiration of musician Johann Christian Bach (1735–1782), and he was exposed from an early age to an unusual variety of musical styles and tastes across Europe.įrom the age of ten to seventeen, Mozart's reputation as a composer grew to a degree of maturity equal to that of most older established musicians. He also made a great impression as a composer and improviser (one who arranges or creates). Mozart was the most celebrated child prodigy (an unusually gifted child) of this time as a keyboard performer. In 1762 Leopold presented his son as performer at the imperial court in Vienna, Austria, and from 1763 to 1766 he escorted both children on a continuous musical tour across Europe, which included long stays in Paris, France, and London, England, as well as visits to many other cities, with appearances before the French and English royal families. Together with his sister, Nannerl, Wolfgang received such intensive musical training that by the age of six he was a budding composer and an accomplished keyboard performer. Leopold and Anna Maria, his wife, stressed the importance of music to their children.
His father, Leopold Mozart, a noted composer, instructor, and the author of famous writings on violin playing, was then in the service of the archbishop of Salzburg. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born on January 27, 1756, in Salzburg, Austria.
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